Akohia te Bismuth

He konganuku hiriwa-mā ki te māwhero te Bismuth, he pakarukaru, he ngāwari hoki ki te kuru. He pumau tonu ōna āhuatanga matū. Kei te taiao te Bismuth i roto i te āhua o te konganuku kore utu me ngā kohuke.
1. [Taiao]
He konganuku ngohengohe te bismuth parakore, engari he pakarukaru te bismuth poke. He pumau i te pāmahana rūma. Ko ōna konganuku matua ko te bismuthinite (Bi2S5) me te bismuth ochre (Bi2o5). Ka whānui te bismuth wai ina totoka.
He pakarukaru, ā, he ngoikore te kawe hiko me te kawe wera. He āhuatanga haurua-ira te bismuth selenide me te telluride.
He konganuku kanapa hiriwa (māwhero) ki te kōwhai mārama te konganuku bismuth, he pakarukaru, he ngāwari ki te kuru; i te pāmahana rūma, kāore te bismuth e tauhohe ki te hāora, ki te wai rānei, ā, he pumau i te rangi. He ngoikore tōna kawe hiko me te kawe wera; i mua i whakaarohia ko te bismuth te huānga tino pumau me te papatipu ngota nui rawa atu, engari i te tau 2003, i kitea he ngoikore te irahiko o te bismuth, ā, ka taea te pirau ki te thallium-205 mā te pirau α. Ko tōna haurua-ora he tata ki te 1.9X10^19 tau, arā, he 1 piriona ngā wā o te oranga o te ao.
2. Tono
haurua-ā-ira
Ko ngā wāhanga hiko hiko i hangaia mā te whakakotahi i te bismuth parakore-teitei me te tellurium, te selenium, te antimony, me ētahi atu, me ngā tioata kukume, ka whakamahia mō ngā thermocouples, te whakaputa hiko thermoelectric pāmahana-iti, me te whakamatao wera. Ka whakamahia ēnei hei hanga i ngā hauhautanga me ngā pouaka whakamātao. Ka taea te whakamahi i te bismuth sulfide horihori hei hanga i ngā photoresistors i roto i ngā taputapu photoelectric hei whakanui ake i te aro ki te rohe whānuitanga e kitea ana.
Ahumahi karihi
Ka whakamahia te bismuth tino parakore hei kawe wera, hei whakamatao rānei i roto i ngā tauhohenga ahumahi karihi, hei rauemi hoki mō te tiaki i ngā taputapu wehenga atomika.
Ngā Uku Hiko
Ko ngā uku hiko kei roto ko te bismuth pēnei i ngā tioata bismuth germanate he momo hou o ngā tioata kanapa e whakamahia ana i roto i te hanga i ngā pūoko irahiko karihi, ngā matawai tomography hihi-X, ngā hiko-whatu, ngā taiaho piezoelectric me ētahi atu taputapu; kua tīmata hoki te whakamahi i te bismuth calcium vanadium (he rauemi gyromagnetic nui te ferrite pamekaranete me te rauemi whakakikorua aukume), ngā varistors zinc oxide kua pania ki te waikura bismuth, ngā pūnga uku auau-teitei paparanga rohe kei roto ko te bismuth, ngā aukume tuturu tine-bismuth, ngā uku me ngā paura titanate bismuth, ngā tioata silicate bismuth, te karāhe whakakākahu kei roto ko te bismuth me te neke atu i te 10 atu rauemi ki te ahumahi.
Te maimoatanga hauora
He pānga astringent, he ārai mate korere, ā, he rongoā hoki mō te mate puku puku ngā matū bismuth. Ka whakamahia te bismuth subcarbonate, te bismuth subnitrate, me te potassium bismuth subrubberate hei hanga rongoā puku. Ka whakamahia te pānga astringent o ngā rongoā bismuth i roto i te pokanga hei rongoā i ngā whara me te whakamutu i te toto. I roto i te radiotherapy, ka whakamahia ngā koranu e hangai ana ki te bismuth hei utu mō te konumohe hei hanga pereti tiaki mō ngā tūroro hei ārai i ētahi atu wāhanga o te tinana kei pāngia e te radiation. I te whanaketanga o ngā rongoā bismuth, kua kitea he pānga ārai matepukupuku tō ētahi rongoā bismuth.
Ngā Tāpiri Whakarewa
Mā te tāpiri i te iti o te bismuth ki te maitai ka whakapai ake i ngā āhuatanga tukatuka o te maitai, ā, mā te tāpiri i te iti o te bismuth ki te rino maka ngāwari ka rite ōna āhuatanga ki ērā o te maitai kore waikura.