Ko te whanariki he huānga nonmetallic me te tohu matū S me te tau ngota o te 16. Ko te whanariki parakore he karaihe kowhai, e mohiotia ana he whanariki, he whanariki kowhai ranei. Ko te whanariki huānga kare e rewa ki te wai, he iti te wairewa ki te waihano, he ngawari te whakarewa ki te waro disulfideCS2.
1.Ahuatanga tinana
- Ko te whanariki he karaihe kowhai kowhai, he hongi me te kore reka.
- He maha nga allotropes o te whanariki, ko enei katoa he S8ngota ngota porohita. Ko nga mea tino noa ko te orthorhomb sulfur (e mohiotia ana ko te rhombic sulfur, α-sulfur) me te monoclinic sulfur (e mohiotia ana ko te β-sulfur).
- Ko te whanariki Orthorhombic he ahua pumau o te whanariki, a ka whakamahana ki te 100 °C, ka taea te whakamatao kia whiwhi ai i te whanariki monoclinic. Ko te pāmahana huringa i waenga i te whanariki orthorhombic me te whanariki monoclinic he 95.6 °C. Ko te whanariki orhombic anake te ahua o te whanariki i te pāmahana rūma. Ko tona ahua parakore he kowhai-matomato (ko te whanariki e hokona ana i te maakete he ahua kowhai ake na te mea he maha nga tohu o te cycloheptasulfur). Ko te whanariki Orthorhombic he tino kore e rewa ki te wai, he ngoikore te kawe i te waiariki, he pai te insulator hiko.
- Ko te whanariki monoclinic te maha o nga tioata rite ki te ngira i toe i muri i te whakarewatanga o te whanariki me te ringihanga i te taikaha o te wai. Ko te whanariki monoclinic orthorhombic whanariki he momo rereke o te whanariki huānga i nga pāmahana rereke. Ko te whanariki monoclinic he pumau i runga ake i te 95.6 ℃, a, i te pāmahana, ka ata huri hei whanariki orthorhombic. Ko te rewa o te whanariki orthorhombic he 112.8 ℃, ko te rewa o te whanariki monoclinic he 119 ℃. He tino whakarewahia nga mea e rua i roto i te CS2.
- He whanariki rapa hoki. Ko te whanariki elastic he kowhai pouri, he totoka rapa he iti ake te whakarewa ki te waro disulfide i era atu allotropes whanariki. Kare e rewa i roto i te wai me te paku wairewa ki te waipiro. Mēnā ka tere ringihia te whanariki whakarewa ki te wai matao, ka mau te whanariki mekameka roa, he whanariki elastic totoro. Heoi, ka whakapakeke i te wa, ka waiho hei whanariki monoclinic.
2.Nga mea matū
- Ka wera te whanariki i te rangi, ka tauhohe ki te hāora ki te hanga whanariki hauhā (SO₂) hau.
- Ka tauhohe te whanariki me nga halogens katoa ina whakamahana. Ka wera i roto i te fluorine hei hanga hexafluoride whanariki. He whanariki wai me te maota hei hanga i te disulfur dichloride (S2Cl2). Ka taea te hanga i te ranunga taurite kei roto te whanariki dichloride (SCl) whero ina he nui te maota me te whakakorikori, penei i te FeCl3SnI ranei4,ka whakamahia.
- Ka taea e te whanariki te tauhohe ki te wairewa pāhare pāporo hauwai (KOH) wera hei hanga i te pāhare pāporo sulfide me te pāhare pāporo thiosulfate.
- Karekau te whanariki e tauhohe ki te wai me nga waikawa kore-whakaora. Ka tauhohe te whanariki ki te waikawa nitric wera me te waikawa pungatara kaha ka taea te waikura ki te waikawa pungatara me te whanariki hauhā.
3.Apure tono
- Te whakamahi ahumahi
Ko nga whakamahinga matua o te whanariki i roto i te hanga o nga pūhui whanariki penei i te waikawa pungatara, sulfites, thiosulfates, ocyanates, sulfur dioxide, carbon disulfide, disulfur dichloride, trichlorosulfonated phosphorus, phosphorus sulf, me te whakarewa sulfides. Neke atu i te 80% o te kai whanariki a-tau o te ao e whakamahia ana ki te hanga waikawa pungatara. Ka whakamahia nuitia te whanariki ki te hanga rapa puia. Ka whakapuruhia te rapa mata ki roto i te rapa puia, ka whiwhi i te elasticity teitei, te kaha o te wera, me te koretake i roto i nga whakarewa pararopi. Ko te nuinga o nga hua rapa he mea hanga mai i te rapa puia, ka mahia ma te tauhohe i te rapa mata me te whakatere i etahi pāmahana me nga pehanga. Kei te hiahiatia ano te whanariki i roto i te hanga paura pango me te matiti, a ko tetahi o nga mea matua mo te ahi. I tua atu, ka taea te whakamahi whanariki ki te hanga waikano whanariki me nga poaka. Hei tauira, ko te whakamaarama i te ranunga o te kaolin, te waro, te whanariki, te whenua diatomaceous, te paura kiripaka ranei ka taea te whakaputa i te poaka puru e kiia nei ko te ultramarine. Ka pau ano hoki i te ahumahi hātea me te umanga rongoa tetahi wahi whanariki.
- Te whakamahi rongoa
Ko te whanariki tetahi o nga kai o te maha o nga rongoa mate kiri. Hei tauira, ka whakamahanahia te hinu tung ki te whanariki ki te whanariki ki te waikawa whanariki, katahi ka whakakorea ki te wai haukini kia whiwhi ai i te hinu pungatara. Ko te hinu 10% he mea hanga mai i te hinu he whakaahuru me te whakakore i nga paanga ka taea te whakamahi ki te rongoa i nga momo mumura me nga pupuhi kiri.
Wā tuku: Tihema-09-2024